Electric energy required to operate home electric appliances is obtained from the
national electric grid. Electric energy generated by electric power stations are
raised to high voltages such as 132 kV or 220 kV using step-up transformers and
distributed throughout the island. In distribution sub-centres, these high voltages
are lowered to voltages such as 33 kV or 11 kV and ultimately they are lowered
down to 230 V or 110 V before supplying to households. Electricity provided to houses is in
the form of an alternating current with a frequency of 50 Hz for 230 V and 60 Hz for 110 V
A – Distribution wire B – Supply cable
C – Overload circuit breaker (or Service fuse) D – Electric meter
E – Isolator (or Main fuse with main switch) F – Residual current circuit
breaker or trip switch (RCCB)
G – miniature circuit breakers or fuses (MCB) H – Switch
I – plug socket J – Earth wire
K – Light bulb
Electricity is supplied to houses using a service cable consisting of two wires known
as the live wire and the neutral wire. The current flowing through these two wires
is provided to the electric appliances through a circuit inside the house.
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